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Similar to online voter registration, a number of states have recently enacted policies that allow voters to request absentee ballots through an online system. This policy gives voters additional options outside of mailing or submitting paper application forms by hand.
This map details how states vary in their policies regarding return postage for absentee or mail ballots, with some states providing prepaid return postage envelopes so voters don’t need to pay for postage themselves.
Most states require voters to return their absentee or mail ballots to ensure their ballots are received by the appropriate authority by Election Day. This map visualizes state ballot receipt deadlines that fall before, on, or after Election Day.
While most states allow the use of partisan poll watchers, a number of states also have policies that allow nonpartisan election observers such as academics or the media to witness various parts of the state’s election processes.
Every state has laws outlining who is eligible to vote, and almost all states restrict voting for those who are currently incarcerated for a felony offense—though a few states allow citizens to vote while incarcerated. States differ on when and how formerly incarcerated people can have their voting rights restored.
The initiative process is a tool through which citizens can propose statutes or constitutional amendments to be put on the ballot in their state. Often referred to generally as ballot measures, the initiative process can be direct or indirect depending on the state.