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Democracy 101: Understanding Voter List Maintenance

Authors

Movement Advancement Project

Recommended Citation

Movement Advancement Project. June 2025. Democracy 101: Understanding Voter List Maintenance.  https://mapresearch.org/brief/democracy-101-understanding-voter-list-maintenance/. July 17, 2026

Supporting Content

"Democracy 101: Understanding Voter List Maintenance"
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Democracy Map: Voter Roll Purges Based Solely on Infrequent Voting
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"Democracy 101: Understanding Federal vs. State Control Over Elections"
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"Democracy 101: Understanding Voter ID Laws"
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"Democracy 101: Understanding Proof of Citizenship Requirements for Voter Registration"
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"Democracy 101: Understanding State Voting Rights Acts"
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Overview

All states must perform voter list maintenance, but states vary widely in their individual list maintenance practices. While there are routine methods for maintaining these lists, like removing voters who have moved or have passed away, many states have recently begun adopting overly aggressive and flawed policies which result in “purges” that can disenfranchise otherwise eligible voters.

While voter list maintenance policies have long been a subject of debate, recent developments at the state and federal level threaten to further increase the risk of overly broad purges.

MAP’s fifth and final brief in the Democracy 101 series examines the history and development of voter list maintenance policies, the current landscape, legislative proposals, and it contrasts accepted best practices with policies that lead to problematic — and often targeted or discriminatory — voter purges.

Related resources

Map image of Voter Roll Purges captured on July 13, 2026
Voter Roll Purges Based Solely on Infrequent Voting
To maintain the accuracy of voter lists, states utilize a number of methods, such as removing voters who have moved or died, or more aggressive tactics which can result in unwarranted removal from registration lists, including removal from registration lists based solely on a voter’s inactivity in recent elections.
Unfair Voter Roll Purging is Legal in Several States and Impacts One-Third of Americans
Voter purging is a persistent problem that enables voter suppression and threatens access to the ballot each election cycle. Over one-third of eligible voters live in states that initiate voter removal based on inactivity in recent elections.
Voter List Maintenance
Voter registration lists — or “voter rolls” — are an important component of a well-functioning election administration system. These resources provide overviews of list maintenance practices across the states as well as track the rise of improper voter roll purges that often target marginalized communities.

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